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Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition. It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival. The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits. Other devices, commonly referred to as ''terminal tackle'', are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish. Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels. Lures are frequently used in place of bait. Some hobbyists make handmade tackle themselves, including plastic lures and artificial flies. The practice of catching or attempting to catch fish with a hook is known as angling. Big-game fishing is conducted from boats to catch large open-water species such as tuna, sharks and marlin. Noodling and trout tickling are also recreational activities. ==History== The early evolution of fishing as recreation is not clear. For example, there is anecdotal evidence for fly fishing in Japan as early as the ninth century BCE,〔Herd, Andrew (2003) ''The Fly.'' Medlar Press. ISBN 978-1-899600-29-8〕 and in Europe Claudius Aelianus (175–235 CE) describes fly fishing in his work ''On the Nature of Animals''.〔"A Macedonian way of catching fish... They fasten red (crimson red) wool round a hook, and fix on to the wool two feathers which grow under a cock’s wattles, and which in colour are like wax. Their rod is six feet long, and their line is the same length. Then they throw their snare, and the fish, attracted and maddened by the colour, comes straight at it..." McCully, CB (2000) (''The Language of Fly-Fishing'' ) Taylor & Francis, pp. 76_78. ISBN 978-1-57958-275-3.〕 But for the early Japanese and Macedonians, fly fishing was likely to have been a means of survival, rather than recreation. It is possible that antecedents of recreational fly fishing arrived in England with the Norman conquest of 1066.〔 Although the point in history where fishing could first be said to be recreational is not clear,〔Schullery, Paul (''Fly fishing History: Beginnings: Aelian Lives'' )〕 it is clear that recreational fishing had fully arrived with the publication of ''The Compleat Angler''. The earliest English essay on recreational fishing was published in 1496, shortly after the invention of the printing press. The authorship of this was attributed to Dame Juliana Berners, the prioress of the Benedictine Sopwell Nunnery. The essay was titled ''Treatyse of Fysshynge wyth an Angle'',〔Berners, Dame Juliana (1496) (''A treatyse of fysshynge wyth an Angle'' ) (transcription by Risa S. Bear).〕 and was published in the second ''Boke of Saint Albans'', a treatise on hawking, hunting, and heraldry. These were major interests of the nobility, and the publisher, Wynkyn de Worde, was concerned that the book should be kept from those who were not gentlemen, since their immoderation in angling might "utterly destroy it".〔Cowx, I G (2002) Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries, (''Chapter 17: Recreational fishing.'' ) Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 0-632-06482-X〕 During the 16th century the work was much read, and was reprinted many times. ''Treatyse'' includes detailed information on fishing waters, the construction of rods and lines, and the use of natural baits and artificial flies. It also includes modern concerns about conservation and angler etiquette.〔Berners, Dame Juliana. (2008). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 20, 2008, from (Encyclopædia Britannica Online )〕 The earliest English poetical treatise on Angling by John Dennys, said to have been a fishing companion of Shakespeare, was published in 1613, ''The Secrets of Angling''. Footnotes of the work, written by Dennys' editor, William Lawson, make the first mention of the phrase to 'cast a fly': "The trout gives the most gentlemanly and readiest sport of all, if you fish with an artificial fly, a line twice your rod's length of three hairs' thickness... and if you have learnt the cast of the fly." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Recreational fishing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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